The Evolution of the Internet
To understand Web3, it is helpful to look at the three major epochs of the internet:
- Web 1.0 (Read): Static HTML websites hosted on open protocols (HTTP, SMTP). Users were consumers of content published by webmasters.
- Web 2.0 (Read-Write): Interactive platforms and social networks (YouTube, Meta, Google). Users create content, but centralized platforms own the data, user identities, and infrastructure.
- Web 3.0 (Read-Write-Own): Decentralized protocols where users authenticate via cryptographic key pairs rather than centralized usernames and passwords.
The Web3 Tech Stack
Interface Layer: Next.js, React, HTML5
Middleware: Ethers.js, Viem, Web3.js
Node RPC: Infura, Alchemy, Self-Hosted Geth
Decentralized Storage: IPFS, Arweave
Settlement Layer: Ethereum, Bitcoin, Layer 2s
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